Coyoteros Indians, Coyoteros Tribe (Span.: wolf-men; so called in consequence, it is said, of their subsisting partly on coyotes or prairie wolves; but it seems more probable that the name was applied on account of their roving habit
White Mountain Apache. Formerly the Sierra Blanca Apache, a part of the Coyoteros, so called on account of their mountain home. The name is now applied to all the Apache under Ft Apache agency, Arizona, consisting of Arivaipa, Tsiltaden or Chilion, Chiricahua, Coyotero, Mimbreño, and Mogollon. In 1910 they numbered 2,269. Capt. Bourke in 1881-82 obtained at Fort Apache and San Carlos agencies the following names of bands or clans: Akonye Chilchadilkloge Chiltneyadnaye Destchin Gontiel Indelchidnti Inoschuhochen Iyaaye Kaihatin Kaynaguntl Kiyahani Klokadakaydn Mayndeshkish Natatladiltin Natootzuzn Peiltzun Satchin Tizsessenaye Tseskadin Tuakay Tudisishn Tushtun Tutonashkisd Tutzone Tzaedelkay Tzebinaste Tzecheschinne Tzetseskadn Tzintzilchutzikadn Tziseketzillan … Read more
Yavapai Apache Indians, Yavapai Indians, Apache Mohave Indians (said to be from enyaéva ‘sun,’ pai `people’: ‘people of the sun’). A Yuman tribe, popularly known as Apache Mohave and Mohave Apache, i. e., ‘hostile or warlike Mohave.’ According to Corbusier, the tribe, before its removal to the Rio Verde agency in May 1873, claimed as its range the valley of the Rio Verde and the Black mesa from Salt river as far as Bill Williams mountains, west Arizona. They then numbered about 1,000. Earlier they ranged much farther west, appearing to have had rancherias on the Rio Colorado; but they were … Read more
Pinal Coyotero Indians. A part of the Coyotero Apache, whose chief rendezvous was the Pinal mountains and their vicinity, north of Gila River in Arizona. They ranged, however, about the sources of the Gila, over the Mogollon Mesa, and from northern Arizona to the Gila and even southward. They are now under the San Carlos and Ft Apache agencies, where they are officially classed as Coyoteros. According to Bourke, there were surviving among them in 1882 the following clans (or bands): Chisnedinadinaye Destchetinaye Gadinchin Kaihatin Klokadakaydn Nagokaydn Nagosugn Tegotsugn Titsessinaye Tutsoshin Tutzose Tziltadin Yagoyecayn They are reputed by tradition to … Read more
Tontos (Spanish: ‘fools,’ so called on account of their supposed imbecility; the designation, however, is a misnomer). A name so indiscriminately applied as to be almost meaningless. To a mixture of Yavapai, Yuma, and Mohave, with some Pifialeno Apache, placed on the Rio Verde Reservation, Arizona, in 1873, and transferred to San Carlos Reservation in 1875; best designated as the Tulkepaia. To a tribe of the Athapascan family well known as Coyotero Apache. To the Piftalenos of the same family. According to Corbusier, to a body of Indians descended mostly from Yavapai men and Pinal Coyotero ( Pinaleño ) women … Read more
Lipan Apache Indians (adapted from Ipa-n’de, apparently a personal name; n’de=’people’). An Apache tribe, designating themselves Náizhan (‘ours,’ ‘our kind’), which at various periods of the 18th and 19th centuries roamed from the lower Rio Grande in New Mexico and Mexico eastward through Texas to the Gulf coast, gaining a livelihood by depredations against other tribes and especially against the white settlements of Texas and Mexico. The name has probably been employed to include other Apache groups of the southern plains, such as the Mescaleros and the Kiowa Apache. The Franciscan mission of San Saba was established among the Lipan … Read more
Apache Indians (probably from ápachu, ‘enemy,’ the Zuñi name for the Navaho, who were designated “Apaches de Nabaju” by the early Spaniards in New Mexico). A number of tribes forming the most southerly group of the Athapascan family. The name has been applied also to some unrelated Yuman tribes, as the Apache Mohave (Yavapai) and Apache Yuma. The Apache call themselves N’de, Dĭnë, Tĭnde, or Inde, `people.’ Read more about the Apache Tribe History. Archives, Libraries, and Societies Museum of New Mexico Apache Cultural Center & Museum (hosted at White Mountain Apache Tribe Apache Indian Biography Indian Chiefs and Leaders … Read more
Mescaleros Apache Indians (Spanish: `mescal people,’ from their custom of eating mescal). An Apache tribe which formed a part of the Faraones and Vaqueros of different periods of the Spanish history of the southwest. Their principal range was between the Rio Grande and the Pecos in New Mexico, but it extended also into the Staked plains and southward into Coahuila, Mexico. They were never regarded as so warlike as the Apache of Arizona, otherwise they were generally similar. Mooney records the following divisions: Nataina Tuetinini Tsihlinainde Guhlkainde Tahuunde These bands intermarry, and each had its chief and suhchief. The Guhlkainde … Read more
Mimbreños (Spanish: ‘people of the willows’). A branch of the Apache who took their popular name from the Mimbres mountains, southwest New Mexico, but who roamed over the country from the east side of the Rio Grande in New Mexico to San Francisco River in Arizona, a favorite haunt being near Lake Guzman, west of El Paso, in Chihuahua. Between 1854 and 1869 their number was estimated at 400 to 750, under Mangas Coloradas. In habits they were similar to the other Apache, gaining a livelihood by raiding settlements in New Mexico, Arizona, and Mexico. They made peace with the … Read more
Jicarilla (Mexican Spanish: `little basket’). An Athapascan tribe, first so called by Spaniards because of their expertness in making vessels of basketry. They apparently formed a part of the Vaqueros of early Spanish chronicles, although, according to their creation legend, they have occupied from the earliest period the mountainous region of southeast Colorado and northern New Mexico, their range at various periods extending eastward to western Kansas and Oklahoma, and into northwest Texas. The Arkansas, Rio Grande, and Canadian Rivers figure in their genesis myth , but their traditions seem to center about Taos and the heads of Arkansas River. … Read more
Gila Apache Indian History
Chiricahua Indians, Chiricahua Apache Indians (Apache: `great mountain’). An important division of the Apache Indians, so called from their former mountain home in southeast Arizona. Their own name is Aiaha. The Chiricahua were the most warlike of the Arizona Indians, their raids extending into New Mexico, south Arizona, and north Sonora, among their most noted leaders being Cochise, Victorio, Loco, Chato, Nahche, Bonito and Geronimo. Physically they do not differ materially from the other Apache. The men are well built, muscular, with well-developed chests, sound and regular teeth, and abundant hair. The women are even more vigorous and strongly built, with … Read more
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The Faraon Apache, named from early Spanish references to the “Apache hordes of Pharaoh,” were a tribe primarily located in the region between the Rio Grande and the Pecos in New Mexico. Historically, they appear to be the southern division of the Querecho encountered by Coronado in 1541, later identified as the Vaqueros by Benavides in 1630, and possibly part of the Llaneros in more recent times. Their relationship to other Apache tribes is unclear, though they likely had closer ties to the Mescaleros. The Faraon Apache were known for their frequent raids on Spanish and Pueblo settlements in the Rio Grande area and Chihuahua, with the Sandia mountains serving as a significant stronghold. Despite multiple Spanish expeditions and peace treaties, these agreements often failed to bring lasting peace. Noted divisions within the tribe include the Ancavistis, Jacomis, Orejones, Carlanes, and Cuampes, although some, like the Carlanes, were associated with the Jicarillas.
Arivaipa Apache Indians, Arivaipa Indians (Nevome Pima: aarirapa, ‘girls,’ possibly applied to these people on account of some unmanly act). An Apache tribe that formerly made its home in the canyon of Arivaipa Creek, a tributary of the Rio San Pedro, south Arizona, although like the Chiricahua and other Apache of Arizona they raided far southward and were reputed to have laid waste every town in northern Mexico as far as the Gila prior to the Gadsden purchase in 1853, and with having exterminated the Sobaipuri, a Piman tribe, in the latter part of the 18th century. In 1863 a company … Read more
Apache Indians (probably from ápachu, ‘enemy,’ the Zuñi name for the Navaho, who were designated “Apaches de Nabaju” by the early Spaniards in New Mexico). A number of tribes forming the most southerly group of the Athapascan family. The name has been applied also to some unrelated Yuman tribes, as the Apache Mohave (Yavapai) and Apache Yuma. The Apache call themselves N’de, Dĭnë, Tĭnde, or Inde, `people.’ They were evidently not so numerous about the beginning of the 17th century as in recent times, their numbers apparently having been increased by captives from other tribes, particularly the Pueblos, Pima, Papago, … Read more
Geronimo Geronimo (Spanish for Jerome, applied by the Mexicans as a nickname; native name Goyathlay, `one who yawns’). A medicine man and prophet of the Chiricahua Apache who, in the latter part of the 19th century, acquired notoriety through his opposition to the authorities and by systematic and sensational advertising; born about 1834 at the headwaters of Gila River, New Mexico, near old Ft Tulerosa. His father was Taklishim, ‘The Gray One,’ who was not a chief, although his father (Geronimo’s grandfather) assumed to be a chief without heredity or election. Geronimo’s mother was known as Juana. When it was … Read more