Treaty with the Comanche and Witchetaw Indians and their associated Bands.
For the purpose of establishing and perpetuating peace and friendship between the United States of America and the Comanche and Witchetaw nations, and their associated bands or tribes of Indians, and between these nations or tribes, and the Cherokee, Muscogee, Choctaw, Osage, Seneca and Quapaw nations or tribes of Indians, the President of the United States has, to accomplish this desirable object, and to aid therein, appointed Governor M. Stokes, M. Arbuckle Brigdi.-Genl. United States army, and F. W. Armstrong, Actg. Supdt. Western Territory, commissioners on the part of the United States; and the said Governor M. Stokes and M. Arbuckle, Brigdi. Genl. United States army, with the chiefs and representatives of the Cherokee, Muscogee, Choctaw, Osage, Seneca, and Quapaw nations or tribes of Indians, have met the chiefs, warriors, and representatives of the tribes first above named at Camp Holmes, on the eastern border of the Grand Prairie, near the Canadian river, in the Muscogee nation, and after full deliberation, the said nations or tribes have agreed with the United States, and with one another upon the following articles:
Article 1. There shall be perpetual peace and friendship between all the citizens of the United States of America, and all the individuals composing the Comanche and Witchetaw nations and their associated bands or tribes of Indians, and between these nations or tribes and the Cherokee, Muscogee, Choctaw, Osage, Seneca and Quapaw nations or tribes of Indians.
Article 2. Every injury or act of hostility by one or either of the contracting parties on the other, shall be mutually forgiven and forever forgot.
Article 3. There shall be a free and friendly intercourse between all the contracting parties hereto, and it is distinctly understood and agreed by the Comanche and Witchetaw nations and their associated bands or tribes of Indians, that the citizens of the United States are freely permitted to pass and repass through their settlements or hunting ground without molestation or injury on their way to any of the provinces of the Republic of Mexico, or returning therefrom, and that each of the nations or tribes named in this article, further agree to pay the full value for any injury their people may do to the goods or property of the citizens of the United States taken or destroyed, when peaceably passing through the country they inhabit, or hunt in, or elsewhere. And the United States hereby guaranty to any Indian or Indians of either of the said Comanche or Witchetaw nations, and their associated bands or tribes of Indians, a full indemnification for any horses or other property which may be stolen from them: Provided, that the property so stolen cannot be recovered, and that sufficient proof is produced that it was actually stolen by a citizen of the United States, and within the limits thereof.
Article 4. It is understood and agreed by all the nations or tribes of Indians parties to this treaty, that each and all of the said nations or tribes have free permission to hunt and trap in the Great Prairie west of the Cross Timber, to the western limits of the United States.
Article 5. The Comanche and Witchetaw nations and their associated bands or tribes of Indians, severally agree and bind themselves to pay full value for any injury their people may do to the goods or other property of such traders as the President of the United States may place near to their settlements or hunting ground for the purpose of trading with them.
Article 6. The Comanche and Witchetaw nations and their associated bands or tribes of Indians, agree, that in the event any of the red people belonging to the nations or tribes residing south of the Missouri river and west of the State of Missouri, not parties to this treaty, should visit their towns or be found on their hunting ground, that they will treat them with kindness and friendship and do no injury to them in any way whatever.
Article 7. Should any difficulty hereafter unfortunately arise between any of the nations or tribes of Indians parties hereunto, in consequence of murder, the stealing of horses, cattle, or other cause, it is agreed that the other tribes shall interpose their good offices to remove such difficulties, and also that the Government of the United States may take such measures as they may deem proper to effect the same object, and see that full justice is done to the injured party.
Article 8. It is agreed by the commissioners of the United States, that in consequence of the Comanche and Witchetaw nations and their associated bands or tribes of Indians having freely and willingly entered into this treaty, and it being the first they have made with the United States or any of the contracting parties, that they shall receive presents immediately after signing, as a donation from the United States; nothing being asked from these nations or tribes in return, except to remain at peace with the parties hereto, which their own good and that of their posterity require.
Article 9. The Commanche and Witchetaw nations and their associated bands or tribes, of Indians, agree, that their entering into this treaty shall in no respect interrupt their friendly relations with the Republic of Mexico, where they all frequently hunt and the Comanche nation principally inhabit; and it is distinctly understood that the Government of the United States desire that perfect peace shall exist between the nations or tribes named in this article and the said republic.
Article 10.
This treaty shall be obligatory on the nations or tribes parties hereto from and after the date hereof, and on the United States from and after its ratification by the Government thereof.
Done, and signed, and sealed at Camp Holmes, on the eastern border of the Grand Prairie, near the Canadian river, in the Muscogee nation, this twenty-fourth day of August, one thousand eight hundred and thirty-five, and of the independence of the United States the sixtieth.
Montfort Stokes
M. Arbuckle, Brigadier-General U. S. Army
Comanches:
Ishacoly, or the wolf, his x mark
Queenashano, or the war eagle, his x mark
Tabaqueena, or the big eagle, his x mark
Pohowetowshah, or the brass man, his x mark
Shabbakasha, or the roving wolf, his x mark
Neraquassi, or the yellow horse, his x mark
Toshapappy, or the white hare, his x mark
Pahohsareya, or the broken arm, his x mark
Pahkah, or the man who draws the bow, his x mark
Witsitony, or he who sucks quick, his x mark
Leahwiddikah, or one who stirs up water, his x mark
Esharsotsiki, or the sleeping wolf, his x mark
Pahtrisula, or the dog, his x mark
Ettah, or the gun, his x mark
Tennowikah, or the boy who was soon a man, his x mark
Kumaquoi, or the woman who cuts buffalo meat, his x mark
Taqquanno, or the amorous man, his x mark
Kowa, or the stinking tobacco box, his x mark
Soko, or the old man, his x mark
Witchetaws:
Kanostowah, or the man who don’t speak, his x mark
Kosharokah, or the man who marries his wife twice, his x mark
Terrykatowatix, the riding chief, his x mark
Tahdaydy, or the traveller, his x mark
Hahkahpillush, or the drummer, his x mark
Lachkah, or the first man in four battles, his x mark
Learhehash, or the man who weans children too soon, his x mark
Lachhardich, or the man who sees things done in the wrong way, his x mark
Noccuttardaditch, or the man who tries to excel the head chief, his x mark
Katarded wadick, or the man who killed an enemy in the water, his x mark
Losshah, or the twin, his x mark
Taytsaaytah, or the ambitious adulterer, his x mark
Tokaytah, or the summer, his x mark
Musshakratsatady, or the man with the dog skin cap, his x mark
Kipsh, or the man with one side of his head shaved, his x mark
Cherokees:
Dutch, his x mark
David Melton, his x mark
Muscogees:
Roley McIntosh, his x mark
Chilly McIntosh
Cho-co-te-tuston-nogu, or marshal of the Cho-co-te-clan, his x mark
Tus-ca-ne-ha, or the marshal, his x mark
Tusly Harjoe, or crazy town, his x mark
Alexander Lasley, his x mark
Neha Harjoe, or crazy marshal, his x mark
Tustunucke Harjoe, or crazy warrior, his x mark
Powes Emarlo, or marshal of Powes clan, his x mark
Cosa Yehola, or marshal of Cosa clan, his x mark
Powes Yehola, or marshal of Powes clan, his x mark
Toma Yehola, or marshal of Toma clan, his x mark
Cosado Harjoe, or crazy Cosada, his x mark
Neha Harjoe, or crazy marshal, his x mark
Cosada Tustonnogee, or the Cosada warrior, his x mark
Octiyachee Yehola, or marshal of Octiyachee clan, his x mark
Nulthcup Tustonnogee, or the middle warrior, his x mark
Ufala Harjoe, or crazy Ufala, his x mark
Cholafixico, or a fox without a heart, his x mark
Joseph Miller, his x mark
Samuel Brown, his x mark
Archi Kennard, his x mark
Towannay, or the slender man, his x mark
Saccasumky, or to be praised, his x mark
Siah Hardridge, his x mark
Warrior Hardridge, his x mark
George Stedham, his x mark
Itchhas Harjoe, or crazy beaver, his x mark
Itchofake Harjoe, or crazy deer?s heart, his x mark
Satockhaky, or the broad side, his x mark
Semehechee, or hide it away, his x mark
Hoyane, or passed by, his x mark
Melola, or waving, his x mark
Mateter, or the man who missed it, his x mark
Billy, his x mark
Tuskia Harjoe, or crazy brave, his x mark
Aussy, or the pursuer, his x mark
Tohoithla, or standing upon, his x mark
John Hambly
K. Lewis
John Wynn
David McKillap
Choctaws:
Musha-la-tubbee, or the man killer, his x mark
Na-tuck-a-chee, or fair day, his x mark
Par-chee-ste-cubbee, or the scalpholder, his x mark
To-pi-a-chee-hubbee, or the painted face, his x mark
Ya-cha-a-o-pay, or the leader of the warriors, his x mark
Tus-qui-hola-tah, or the travelling warrior, his x mark
Tic-eban-jo-hubbee, or the first for war, his x mark
Nucke Stubbee, or the bullet that has killed, his x mark
Toqua, or what you say, his x mark
Po-sha-ma-stubbee, or the killer, his x mark
Nuck-ho-ma-harjoe, or the bloody bullet, his x mark
Thomas Mickie, his x mark
Halam-be-sha, or the bat, his x mark
Ok-chia, or life, his x mark
Tus-ca-homa-madia, or the red warrior, his x mark
Tun-up-me-a-moma, or the red man who has gone to war, his x mark
Par-homa, or the red hoop, his x mark
No-wah-ba, the man who kills the enemy when he meets him, his x mark
Hisho-he-meta, or a young waiter, his x mark
Cho-ma-la-tubbee, or the man who is sure his enemy is dead, his x mark
Hokla-no-ma, the traveller in the town, his x mark
William, his x mark
Neasho Nubbee, he who knows where the enemy is killed, his x mark
Jim, his x mark
Eu-eck Harma, or the man who is never tired, his x mark
Nat-la Homa, or the bloody man, his x mark
Pia-o-sta, or to whoop four times, his x mark
Pa-sha-oa-cubbee, or the man who puts his foot on the scalp, his x mark
La-po-na, or the man who killed the enemy, his x mark
A-mo-na-tubbee, or lying in wait to kill, his x mark
A-fa-ma-tubbee, or the man who kills every thing he meets, his x mark
Osages:
Fah-ha-la, or the leaping deer, his x mark
Shone-ta-sah-ba, or the black dog, his x mark
Wah-shin-pee-sha, or the wicked man, his x mark
Tun-wan-le-he, or the town mover, his x mark
Whoa-har-tee, or the war eagle, his x mark
Me-tah-ne-gah, or the crazy robe, his x mark
Wah-she-sho-hee, or the smart spirit, his x mark
Ah-ke-tah, or the soldier, his x mark
Weir-sah-bah-sha, or the hidden black, his x mark
Ne-ko-jah, or the man hunter, his x mark
Hor-tea-go, or like night, his x mark
Wah-hah-tah-nee, or the fast runner, his x mark
Wah-nah-shee, or the taker away, his x mark
Ces-sah-ba, or the man in black, his x mark
Es-kah-mar-ne, or the white horn, his x mark
Kou-sah-she-la, or walking together, his x mark
Tcha-to-kah, or the buffalo, his x mark
O-ke-sah, or the man aside, his x mark
Wah-she-wah-ra, or the stopper, his x mark
Wah-ho-ba-shungee, ortheidolater, his x mark
Tone-ba-wah-tcha-la, or hard to look at the sun rising, his x mark
Shoe-chem-mo-nee, or the elk whistler, his x mark
Wash-kah-cha, or the tumbler, his x mark
Wah-ha, or the Pawnee chief’s namesake, his x mark
Wah-kee-bah-nah, or the hard runner, his x mark
War-tcha-sheen-gah, or the scalp-carrier, his x mark
O-shaun-ga-tun-ga, or the big path, his x mark
Wah-hee-no-pee, or the bone necklace, his x mark
Lee-sap-kah-pee, or the man who missed his enemy, his x mark
Wah-to-ke-hak, or raw meat, his x mark
Wah-wah-shee, or quick runner, his x mark
Kah-he-ka-saree, or chief killer, his x mark
O-lash-tah-ba, or plate-licker, his x mark
Ma-ne-nah-shee, or the walker, his x mark
Shaun-ga-mo-nee, or the fall chief, his x mark
Tee-sha-wah-ra, or dry grass, his x mark
Ne-kah-wah-shee-tun-gah, or the brave spirit, his x mark
Senecas:
Thomas Brant, his x mark
Small Crout Spicer, his x mark
Isaac, his x mark
Mingo Carpenter, his x mark
John Sky, his x mark
Henry Smith, his x mark
Little Town Spicer, his x mark
Young Henry, his x mark
Peter Pork, his x mark
William Johnston, his x mark
Big Bone, his x mark
Big Isaac, his x mark
Civil Jack, his x mark
Ya-ga-ha, or the water in the apple, his x mark
Cau-ya-que-neh, or the snow drift, his x mark
Ya-ta-ato, or the little lake, his x mark
Douglass, his x mark
George Herring, his x mark
Quapaws:
Hi-ka-toa, or the dry man, his x mark
Wa-ga-de-tone, or the maggot, his x mark
Wa-to-va, or the spider, his x mark
Ca-ta-hah, or the tortoise, his x mark
Ma-towa-wah-cota, or the dug out, his x mark
Wa-go-dah-hou-kah, or the plume, his x mark
Ma-com-pa, or the doctor of the nose, his x mark
Cas-sa, or the black tortoise, his x mark
Haw-tez-chee-ka, or the little cedar, his x mark
Ma-so-goda-toah, or the hawk, his x mark
Wa-ka-toa-nosa, or the standing man, his x mark
Motosa, or the black bear, his x mark
Mor-bre-tone, or the little hawk, his x mark
Mar-to-ho-ga, or the white bear, his x mark
To-se-ca-da, or he who shows his track, his x mark
Tah-tah-ho-so, or the wind, his x mark
Hi-da-khe-da-sa, or the panther eagle, his x mark
O-tene-cah-chee-ka, or he who struck the enemy, his x mark
Me-ki-wah-kotah, or the star, his x mark
Ka-ti-mo-ne, or clear weather, his x mark
Vet-he-ka-ne, or thunder, his x mark
Ne-to-sa-mo-ne, or the black freshet, his x mark
In presence of:
R. B. Mason, major of dragoons,
G. Birch, major, U. S. Army,
Francis Lee, captain, Seventh Infantry,
Samuel G. I. DeCamp, surgeon,
W. Seawell, lieutenant and aid de camp; secretary to the commissioners,
Thomas B. Ballard,
Augustine A. Chouteau,
John Hambly, United States interpreter to the Creeks,
George Herron,
Leonard C. McPhail, assistant surgeon, U. S. Army,
Robert M. French
