North Dakota Indian Agencies and Schools

Agencies and Schools listed below are what were listed for the state.  Slight indent after an Agency list all schools in that jurisdiction. Bismarck School, North Dakota. Post-office: Bismarck, North Dakota Telegraph address: Bismarck, North Dakota; Postal and Western Union, 2 miles from school; thence telephone. Railroad station: Bismarck, North Dakota, on “Soo” Road and Northern Pacific Rwy.; thence hired or school team, 2 miles. Fort Berthold School, North Dakota Post-office: Elbowoods, North Dakota Telegraph address: Garrison, North Dakota; Soo Line Telegraph Co., 45 miles from school; thence mail, 12 hours. (Message is relayed from Bismarck, North Dakota, via Western … Read more

Utah Indian Agencies and Schools

Agencies and Schools listed below are what were listed for the state.  Slight indent after an Agency list all schools in that jurisdiction. Kaibab Day School, Utah. Post-office: Moccasin, Arizona Telegraph address: Marysvale, Utah; Western Union, 150 miles from school; thence telephone. Railroad station: Marysvale, Utah, on Denver and Rio Grande Rwy.; thence stage to Kanab, Utah, 150 miles; thence hired team, 18 miles; time, 45 hours. Or Marysvale, Utah; thence daily stage 105 miles to Orderville, Utah; time, 34 hours; thence hired team, 1 day. Shivwits Day School, Utah. Post-office: Santa Clara, Utah. Telegraph address: Modena, Utah; Western Union, … Read more

South Dakota Indian Agencies and Schools

Agencies and Schools listed below are what were listed for the state.  Slight indent after an Agency list all schools in that jurisdiction. Canton Insane Asylum, South Dakota Post-office: Canton, South Dakota Telegraph address: Canton, South Dakota; Postal and Western Union, 2 miles from asylum; thence telephone. Railroad station: Canton, South Dakota, on Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul Rwy.; distance, 2 miles. Cheyenne River Agency and School, South Dakota Post-office: Cheyenne Agency, South Dakota Telegraph address: Gettysburg, South Dakota; Western Union, 20 miles from agency; thence telephone. Railroad station: Gettysburg, South Dakota, on Chicago and Northwestern Rwy.; hence stage daily, … Read more

Pennsylvania Indian Agencies and Schools

Agencies and Schools listed below are what were listed for the state.  Slight indent after an Agency list all schools in that jurisdiction. Carlisle School, Pennsylvania Post-office: Carlisle, Pennsylvania Telegraph address: Carlisle, Pennsylvania; Postal and Western Union, 1 mile from school; thence telephone; if sent by messenger, 15 minutes. Railroad station: Carlisle, Pennsylvania, on Cumberland Valley Rwy., distance, 1 mile. Or Carlisle station, on Philadelphia and Reading Rwy., distance ¾ mile. For more information on this school see: Carlisle Indian Industrial School 1911 Carlisle School Census Indian Education at Hampton and Carlisle

Oklahoma Indian Agencies and Schools

Agencies and Schools listed below are what were listed for the state.  Slight indent after an Agency list all schools in that jurisdiction. Cantonment School, Oklahoma Post-office: Cantonment, Oklahoma Telegraph address: Canton, Oklahoma; Western Union, 4½ miles from school; thence telephone. Railroad station: Canton, Oklahoma, on Kansas City, Mexico and Orient Rwy.; thence hired team, 4½ miles. Cheyenne and Arapahoe Consolidated School, Oklahoma Post-office: Darlington, Oklahoma Telegraph address: El Reno, Oklahoma; Postal and Western Union, 8 miles from school; thence telephone. Railroad station: El Reno, Oklahoma, on Rock Island Rwy., 8 miles; telephone to school office for conveyance during daytime; … Read more

Oregon Indian Agencies and Schools

Agencies and Schools listed below are what were listed for the state.  Slight indent after an Agency list all schools in that jurisdiction. Fort McDermitt Day School, Oregon. Post-office: McDermitt, Oregon Telegraph address: Winnemucca, Nevada; Western Union, 85 miles from school; thence mail, 1 day. Railroad station: Winnemucca, Nevada, on Southern Pacific Rwy.; thence stage to McDermitt, Oregon, 90 miles; thence hired team, 6 miles. Grand Ronde. (See Siletz.) Klamath School, Oregon Post-office: Klamath Agency, Oregon Telegraph address: Klamath Agency, Oregon; via Klamath Falls, Oregon; Western Union at Klamath Falls; telephone from Klamath Falls. Railroad station: Klamath Falls, Oregon; thence … Read more

New Mexico Indian Agencies and Schools

Agencies and Schools listed below are what were listed for the state.  Slight indent after an Agency list all schools in that jurisdiction. Albuquerque School, New Mexico Post-office: Albuquerque, New Mexico Telegraph address: Albuquerque, New Mexico; Postal and Western Union, 2½ miles from school; thence telephone. Railroad station: Albuquerque, New Mexico, on Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Rwy.; thence hired team, 2½ miles. (See School Photos) Acoma day school. Post-office: Cubero, New Mexico Telegraph address: Laguna, New Mexico; Western Union, 12 miles from school; thence telephone. Railroad station: Alaska flag station, near school, on Santa Fe Pacific Rwy. Canon Cito … Read more

New York Indian Agencies and Schools

Agencies and Schools listed below are what were listed for the state.  Slight indent after an Agency list all schools in that jurisdiction. New York Agency, New York. Post-office: Salamanca, New York. Telegraph address: Salamanca, New York; Postal and Western Union; delivered by messenger; time, 2 minutes. Railroad station: Salamanca, New York, on main line Erie Rwy.; main line Buffalo, Rochester and Pittsburg Rwy., and Allegheny Valley Division of Pennsylvania Rwy.

North Carolina Indian Agencies and Schools

Agencies and Schools listed below are what were listed for the state.  Slight indent after an Agency list all schools in that jurisdiction. Cherokee School, North Carolina Post-office: Cherokee, North Carolina. Telegraph address: Whittier, North Carolina; Western Union, 6 miles from school; generally telephone; sometimes mail, twice a day. Railroad station: Ela, North Carolina, on Murphy division of Southern Rwy.; thence via Appalachian Rwy., distance, 6 miles. Birdtown day school. Post-office: Birdtown, North Carolina. Telegraph address: Whittier, North Carolina; Western Union, 3 miles from school. Railroad station: Birdtown, North Carolina; on Murphy division of Southern Rwy., to Ela; thence Appalachian … Read more

Nebraska Indian Agencies and Schools

Omaha Boys

Agencies and Schools listed below are what were listed for the state.  Slight indent after an Agency list all schools in that jurisdiction. Genoa School, Nebraska Post-office: Genoa, Nebraska Telegraph address: Genoa, Nebraska; Western Union; thence telephone. Railroad station: Genoa, Nebraska, on Union Pacific Rwy., via Columbus, Nebraska; or from Sioux City, on Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis and Omaha Rwy., to Norfolk, Nebraska; thence via Union Pacific to Genoa. From all points West over Fremont and Elkton route is via Oakdale, Nebraska; from all points west over Union Pacific route is via Columbus, Nebraska, to Genoa. Santee School, Nebraska Post-office, … Read more

Montana Indian Agencies and Schools

Agencies and Schools listed below are what were listed for the state.  Slight indent after an Agency list all schools in that jurisdiction. Blackfeet Agency, Montana Post-office: Browning, Montana Telegraph address: Browning, Montana; Western Union, 2 miles from agency; thence telephone. Railroad station: Browning, Montana, on Great Northern Rwy.; thence stage, 2 miles. Burd day school. Post-office: Browning, Montana Telegraph address: Browning, Montana; thence special carrier. Railroad station: Same as agency; 20 miles from agency to school. Or Seville, Montana, on Great Northern Rwy.; thence hired team, 3½ miles. Cut Bank boarding school. Post-office: Browning, Montana Telegraph address: Browning, Montana; … Read more

Minnesota Indian Agencies and Schools

Agencies and Schools listed below are what were listed for the state.  Slight indent after an Agency list all schools in that jurisdiction. Bena School, Minnesota Post-office: Bena, Minnesota Telegraph address: Bena, Minnesota; Western Union, near school. Railroad station: Bena, Minnesota, on Great Northern Rwy.; school is near station. Cass Lake School, Minnesota Post-office: Cass Lake, Minnesota Telegraph address: Cass Lake, Minnesota; Western Union, 6 miles from school; thence mail or messenger, 1½ hours. Railroad station: Cass Lake, Minnesota, on Great Northern Rwy.; thence boat in summer and across the ice in the winter, 6 miles. Fond Du Lac Agency, … Read more

Nevada Indian Agencies and Schools

Agencies and Schools listed below are what were listed for the state.  Slight indent after an Agency list all schools in that jurisdiction. Carson School, Nevada Post-office: Stewart, Nevada Telegraph address: Carson City, Nevada; Western Union, 3½ miles from school; thence telephone. Railroad station: Indian School, Nevada, on Virginia and Truckee Rwy., via Reno, on Southern Pacific Rwy. Or Carson City, Nevada; thence hired team, 3½ miles. Big Pine day school. Nevada Post-office: Big Pine, California Telegraph address: Alvord, California; Western Union, 3 miles from school; thence telephone. Railroad station: Alvord, California, on Nevada and California Rwy.; thence daily stage, … Read more

Michigan Indian Agencies and Schools

Agencies and Schools listed below are what were listed for the state.  Slight indent after an Agency list all schools in that jurisdiction. Bay Mills School, Michigan Post-office: Bay Mills, Michigan Telegraph address: Brimley, Michigan; Western Union, 6 miles from school; thence daily mail. Railroad station: Brimley, Michigan, on Duluth, South Shore and Atlantic Rwy., via Soo Junction and St. Ignace; from East via Sault Ste. Marie and Soo Junction; 6 miles from school. Mackinac Agency, Michigan. Poet-office: Baraga, Michigan Telegraph station: Baraga, Michigan; Western Union, at agency. Railroad station: Baraga, Michigan, on Duluth, South Shore and Atlantic Rwy. Mount … Read more

Iowa Indian Agencies and Schools

Agencies and Schools listed below are what were listed for the state.  Slight indent after an Agency list all schools in that jurisdiction. Sac and Fox School, Iowa. Post-office: Toledo, Iowa, Telegraph address: Toledo, Iowa; Western Union, 1 mile from school; thence telephone. Railroad station: Toledo, Iowa; reached from the north over the Toledo and Northwestern Rwy., from the east and west over the Chicago and Northwestern Rwy., and the Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul Rwy., to Tama; thence north over the Toledo and Northwestern Rwy., or the electric car line to Toledo; thence west 1 mile by public highway. … Read more

Colorado Indian Agencies and Schools

Agencies and Schools listed below are what were listed for the state.  Slight indent after an Agency list all schools in that jurisdiction. Fort Lewis School, Colorado. Post-office: Hesperus, Colorado. Telegraph address: Durango, Colorado; Western Union, 14 miles from school; thence telephone. Railroad station: Hesperus, Colorado, on Rio Grande Southern Rwy.; thence hired team, 5 miles. Grand Junction School, Colorado Post-office: Grand Junction, Colorado Telegraph address: Grand Junction, Colorado; Western Union, 2 miles from school; thence telephone; if by mail, time 12 hours, if by messenger, time 30 minutes. Railroad station: Grand Junction, Colorado, on Colorado Midland Rwy., and Denver … Read more

Idaho Indian Agencies and Schools

Agencies and Schools listed below are what were listed for the state.  Slight indent after an Agency list all schools in that jurisdiction. Coeur d’Alene Reservation, Idaho. Post-office: Tekoa, Washington Telegraph address: Tekoa, Washington; Western Union, ¼ mile from agency office; Continental, ¼ mile from agency office, delivered promptly by messenger. Railroad station: Tekoa, Washington; Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul Rwy.; from Chicago, Kansas City, Butte, and Seattle direct; station ¼ mile from agency office; Oregon Rwy. and Navigation Co., via Spokane, Washington; or Portland or Pendelton, Oregon, direct; station ¼ mile from agency office. Desmet mission school. Post-office: Desmet, … Read more

Indian Schools, Seminaries, and Asylums

Omaha Mission School

Beginning in 1878 the goal was to assimilate Indian people into the general population of the United States. By placing the Indian children in first day schools and boarding schools it was thought this would be accomplished. Federal policy sanctioned the removal of children from their families and placed in government run boarding schools. It was thought they would become Americanized while being kept away from their traditional families. This collection of data focuses on providing the details – names, tribal affiliation, ages, and other data to specifically identify the Native children who boarded, institutionalized, and sometimes died in these “schools.”

Canton Asylum, 1911 List of Patients

In 1898, Congress passed a bill creating the only ‘Institution for Insane Indians’ in the United States. The Canton Indian Insane Asylum, South Dakota (sometimes called Hiawatha Insane Asylum) opened for the reception of patients in January, 1903. Many of the inmates were not mentally ill. Native Americans risked being confined in the asylum for alcoholism, opposing government or business interests, or for being culturally misunderstood. A 1927 investigation conducted by the Bureau of Indian Affairs determined that a large number of patients showed no signs of mental illness. The asylum was closed in 1934. While open, more than 350 … Read more