Ancient Tumuli on the Savannah River

Ancient Tumuli on the Savannah River

In 1776, William Bartram explored the Savannah River, noting impressive ancient earthworks near Fort James, including a conical mound and terraced structures. Despite the passage of time and agricultural encroachment, the largest mound remained largely intact. Bartram speculated it may have served as a refuge or a temple for sun worship among the indigenous tribes, who were skilled agriculturalists. In recent visits, while many features eroded, evidence of ancient habitation and craftsmanship persisted, revealing the rich cultural history of the region’s early inhabitants.

Journey of Bartram Through Alabama

History of Alabama and incidentally of Georgia and Mississippi, from the earliest period

William Bartram traveled through the Creek Nation and Mobile, where he observed a town with a mix of inhabited and abandoned structures, primarily occupied by the French and British settlers. He noted the prominent Indian trade conducted by Swanson and McGillivray and described the well-managed plantations along the Tensaw River. In Pensacola, Bartram received warm hospitality from local officials. His journey also included visits to various plantations and Indian towns, culminating with his return to Mobile and further travels into the Creek territory with a caravan of traders.