Indians in Mason County Michigan 1880 Census

Mason County 1880 Census Reel 0594, page 475

These 355 people were identified as Indians (I) in column 4 (color) of the 1880 census for Mason County Michigan. In order to have been enumerated they are believed to either have renounced tribal rule, and under state law, exercised their rights as citizens; or because they “mingled” with the white population of these Michigan towns were enumerated under the expanded definitions.

The Micmac Indians At Bay d’Espoir

Plan of Indian Settlement Conne River Bay Despoir

A detailed report on the Micmac settlement at Bay d’Espoir in Newfoundland, describing the community’s land, housing, church, school, diet, trapping economy, and leadership. It also warns that declining game, encroaching Europeans, and lack of land titles threaten their future, while historical notes trace the Micmacs’ arrival in Newfoundland and their impact on the Beothuks.

Cattaraugus Indian Reservation Map and Occupants, 1890

Theodore F. Jimerson (De-hah-teh), Cattaraugus Seneca

The Cattaraugus Indian Reservation, established in 1890, spans parts of Cattaraugus, Chautauqua, and Erie Counties, New York. It is primarily occupied by the Seneca Nation, claiming rights over land where white settlers reside. The area, a result of treaties in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, is characterized by fertile land, waterways, and a network of roads connecting it to nearby towns. Despite rich resources, the region struggles with legal disputes regarding land ownership and infrastructure inadequacies affecting transport and communication.