Journey of Bartram Through Alabama

History of Alabama and incidentally of Georgia and Mississippi, from the earliest period

William Bartram traveled through the Creek Nation and Mobile, where he observed a town with a mix of inhabited and abandoned structures, primarily occupied by the French and British settlers. He noted the prominent Indian trade conducted by Swanson and McGillivray and described the well-managed plantations along the Tensaw River. In Pensacola, Bartram received warm hospitality from local officials. His journey also included visits to various plantations and Indian towns, culminating with his return to Mobile and further travels into the Creek territory with a caravan of traders.

Agreement of June 29, 1825

On June 29, 1825, the Chiefs and Warriors of the Muscogee Nation formally pardoned the party of the late General McIntosh, inviting them to return and enjoy their rights. They emphasized the restitution of property lost or destroyed contrary to the Nation’s laws. While recognizing some debts owed to the Nation, they expressed a willingness to allow time for repayment. The resolution mandated respect for the law and protection of the pardoned individuals, with severe penalties for harm against them, affirming their new status as citizens.