Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico

Hodge, Frederick Webb, Compiler. The Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico. Bureau of American Ethnology, Government Printing Office. 1906.

Zuñi Indian Bands, Gens and Clans

Many tribes have sub-tribes, bands, gens, clans and phratry.  Often very little information is known or they no longer exist.  We have included them here to provide more information about the tribes. Apoya. The extinct Sky clan of the Zuni. Ataakwe (seed people) A people encountered by the Zuñi before reaching their final residing place at Zuñi, N. Mex. They joined the Seed clan of the Zuñi, whose descendants constitute the present Taakwe, or Corn clan, of that tribe. Cashing in The Millstone, ix, 2, 23, 1884. Chitola. The nearly extinct Rattle snake clan of the Zuñi. Etaa. The Turtle … Read more

Yustaga Tribe

Yustaga Indians. An important tribe in the 16th century, occupying a territory abut the head streams of Suwannee River, north Florida.  De Soto passed through their country in 1539, and the French Huguenots, who settled at the mouth of St. Johns River in 1564, also came in contact with them.

Yurok Tribe

Yurok Indians (from Karok yuruk, ‘downstream’). A tribe living on lower Klamath River, California, and the adjacent coast constituting the Weitspekan linguistic family. They have no name for themselves other than Olekwo’l (‘persons’), sometimes written Alikwa. The territory of the Yurok extended from Bluff Creek 6 miles above the mouth of the Trinity, down Klamath River to its mouth, and on the coast from beyond Wilson creek, 6 miles north of the mouth of the Klamath, too probably Shad river. Their settlements in the valley were confined closely to the river, and those along the coast were close to the … Read more

Yuman Tribe

The Yuman Indians were a significant linguistic group historically occupying the southwestern United States and northern Baja California. Their territory included the Colorado River valley, the lower Gila River valley, and southern California. The Yuman tribes were known for their diverse cultural practices and varying levels of social organization, with the northern tribes, like the Mohave and Yuma, displaying more advanced agricultural practices and craftsmanship compared to their southern counterparts. Despite the harsh environments they inhabited, many Yuman groups developed distinct social structures, engaged in agriculture, and produced fine basketry and pottery. Their population in the early 20th century was approximately 3,700 within the United States. The Yuman tribes included well-known groups like the Cocopa, Diegueño, Maricopa, and Havasupai, while several smaller tribes have either become extinct or lost their distinct identities.

Yukian Indians

Yukian Family, Yuki Tribe, Yuki Indians (adapted from Wintun Yuki, ‘enemy’. Kroeber). A linguistic family in north California, comprising only the Yuki, divided into several tribes or groups speaking several dialects. Apparently they had no common name of their own. Though the territory of the Yuki was very small, it was divided into three detached areas, one about the present Round Valley Reservation and south thereof; another west of this, along the coast, and a third some distance to the south in the mountains dividing Sonoma from Napa and Lake Counties. The greater part of the family was comprised within … Read more

Yuki Indian Bands, Gens and Clans

Many tribes have sub-tribes, bands, gens, clans and phratry.  Often very little information is known or they no longer exist.  We have included them here to provide more information about the tribes.   Huchnom. A division of the Yuki of N. California, speaking a dialect divergent from that of the Round Valley Indians. They lived on South Eel r. above its confluence with the middle fork of Eel r., or in adjacent territories, and on the head waters of Russian r. in upper Potter valley. To the N. of them were the Witukomnom Yuki, to the E. the Wintun, and … Read more

Yuchi Tribe

Ekilané - Yuchi Chief and Dance Leader

Yuchi Indians. A tribe coextensive with the Uchean family. Recent investigations point strongly to the conclusion that the Westo referred to by early Carolina explorers and settlers, and from whom Savannah river was originally named, were the Yuchi.

Yuchi Indian Tribe Clans

The political organization of the tribe, which has become more pronounced in type since its incorporation into the Creek Nation, is based on the town. This is made up of some 18 or 20 totemic, maternal, exogamic clans, the members of which trace their descent from the totem animal and have certain restrictions in regard to it. At an annual ceremony the clans perform propitiatory and reverential dances in honor of their totems. The Yuchi clans are as follows, the names in parentheses being the simplified forms of those recorded by Gatschet: Saggē’ (Sagi), Bear; Dałá (Tala), Wolf; WeryA°’ (Weyon), … Read more

Yscanis Tribe

Yscanis Indians. A tribe of the Wichita confederacy; they were entirely distinct from the Asinais (Hasinai), though the names of the two tribes have been confused. It is possible that the Ysconis, or Isconis, reported to Domingo de Mendoza in 1684 among the tribes awaiting him somewhere in central or east Texas, were the Yscanis . In 1719 LaHarpe visited them (the “Ascanis”) on Canadian river, where they were living a settled life with the Wichita, Taovayas (Tawehash), and Tawakoni. LaHarpe also reported another village of the Ascanis 60 leagues farther to the north west . Little more is heard … Read more

Yonkalla Tribe

Yonkalla Indians. The southernmost Kalapooian tribe, formerly living on Elk and Calapooya Creeks, tributaries of Umpqua River, Oregon. According to Gatschet there were two bands, called Chayankeld and Tsantokau by the Lakmiut, but it seems likely that the former name (Tch’ Ayanke-‘ld) is merely the native tribal name. The tribe is probably extinct.

Yojuane Tribe

Yojuane Indians. A Tonkawan tribe of northern and central Texas, frequently mentioned in 18th century Spanish records. Since their general history, customs, and ethnological relations are outlined under Tonkawa, only a few characteristic facts concerning them need be given here. The Yojuane and Tonkawa tribes were unmistakably mentioned in 1691 by Francisco de Jesus Maria as the “DiuJuan” and the “Tanqua ay,” among the enemies of the Hasínai. It is probable that the Ayennis, spoken of in 1698 by Talon, and the Yakwal (‘drifted ones’) remembered, according to Gatschet, in Tonkawa tradition, were the Yojuane. That the Joyvan met by … Read more

Yazoo Tribe

Yazoo Indians (meaning unknown). An extinct tribe and village formerly on lower Yazoo river, Mississippi, Like all the other tribes on this stream, the Yazoo were small in number. The people were always closely associated with the Koroa, whom they resembled in employing an r in speaking, unlike most of the neighboring tribes. The French in 1718 erected a fort 4 leagues from the mouth of Yazoo river to guard that stream, which formed the waterway to the Chickasaw country, In 1729, in imitation of the Natchez, the Yazoo and Koroa rose against the French and destroyed the fort, but … Read more

Yavapai Indian Bands, Gens and Clans

Many tribes have sub-tribes, bands, gens, clans and phratry.  Often very little information is known or they no longer exist.  We have included them here to provide more information about the tribes. Aguachacha. The Yavapai name of a tribe, evidently Yuman, living on the lower Colorado in Arizona or California in the 18th century. Garcés (1776). Diary, 404, 1900.

Yavapai Apache Tribe

Yavapai Apache Indians, Yavapai Indians, Apache Mohave Indians (said to be from enyaéva ‘sun,’ pai `people’: ‘people of the sun’). A Yuman tribe, popularly known as Apache Mohave and Mohave Apache, i. e., ‘hostile or warlike Mohave.’ According to Corbusier, the tribe, before its removal to the Rio Verde agency in May 1873, claimed as its range the valley of the Rio Verde and the Black mesa from Salt river as far as Bill Williams mountains, west Arizona. They then numbered about 1,000. Earlier they ranged much farther west, appearing to have had rancherias on the Rio Colorado; but they were … Read more

Yatasi Tribe

Yatasi Indians. A tribe of the Caddo confederacy, closely affiliated in language with the Natchitoch. They are first spoken of by Tonti, who states that in 1690 their village was on Red river of Louisiana, north west of the Natchitoch, where they were living in company with the Natasi and Choye. Bienville and St Denys, during their Red river trip in 1701, made an alliance with the Yatasi and henceforward the tribe seems to have been true to the friendship then sealed. The road frequented by travelers from the Spanish province to the French settlements on Red River and at … Read more

Yaquina Tribe

Yaquina Indians. A small tribe, but the most important division of the Yakonan family, formerly living about Yaquina River and Bay, west Oregon. By the early explorers and writers they were classed with the Salishan tribes to the north, but later were shown to be linguistically independent. The tribe is now practically extinct. There are a few survivors, for the greater part of mixed blood, on the Siletz Reservation, Oregon. According to Dorsey the following were villages of the Yaquina: On the north side of Yaquina river: Holukhik Hunkkhwitik Iwai Khaishuk Khilukh Kunnupiyu Kwulai Kyaukuhu Kyuwatkal Mipshuntik Mittsulstik Shash Thlalkhaiuntik … Read more