Bidai

Bidai Tribe

The Bidai tribe, believed to be part of the Caddoan stock, inhabited areas around the Trinity River and beyond in Texas. Known for their independence amidst Caddo confederacy tribes, they engaged in trade and formed alliances, notably with the Arkokisa. By the late 18th century, they faced significant challenges from political upheaval, inter-tribal wars, and disease, leading to the fragmentation of their society. While they maintained agricultural practices and craftsmanship, the Bidai ultimately dwindled in number and were likely absorbed by the Caddo by the mid-19th century.

Allophylic Languages Among Southern Tribes

The southern tribes suspected of speaking allophylic languages include the Bidai, Koroa, Westo, and Stono Indians. The Bidai resided by the Trinity River in Texas, with a small population documented in the mid-19th century. The Koroa, known for their military prowess, were noted by early explorers for their distinct language. The Westo and Stono Indians, located near Charleston, South Carolina, engaged in conflicts with colonial forces and were associated with the Kataba confederacy, though their linguistic affiliations remain uncertain.