Ute Indians

The Ute Indians, part of the Shoshonean division of the Uto-Aztecan linguistic family, historically inhabited central and western Colorado and eastern Utah. They are recognized by various names across different tribes and languages. Their interactions with Europeans began in the late 18th century, leading to treaties and land cessions with the United States from 1849 onward. Despite significant reductions in land, they have maintained a notable cultural presence, contributing to the naming of Utah and other regions. Population estimates have fluctuated over time, reflecting the tribe’s resilience.

Condition of the Colorado Indians in 1890

By 1890, the Southern Utes were the only Native Americans remaining in Colorado, residing on a reservation set for potential relocation to Utah. This group comprised three bands: the Moache, Weeminuche, and Capote Utes. The Weeminuche were known for their warrior culture but produced little beyond buckskins, while the Moaches and Capotes were more industrious, engaging in farming. Tribal relations were strained; however, they united for mutual protection against external threats. The total population included 985 Utes and 107 self-supporting citizens.