Native American Archives – Page 176 of 341

Achiligonan Tribe

Achiligonan Indians. A tribe or band living between 1640 and 1670 on the north shore of Lake Huron, about the mouth of French river and westward nearly to Sault Ste Marie. In 1670 they were attached to the mission at the Sault. In the Jesuit Relation of 1640 their position is given on the north shore of Lake Huron, at the mouth of French river. The Amikwa are mentioned in the same connection as residing on this stream. In the Relation of 1658 they appear to be placed farther north on the river, and it is stated that they trailed … Read more

Acquintanacsnak Tribe

Acquintanacsnak Indians. A tribe or sub-tribe which Capt. John Smith locates on the west bank of Patuxent river, St Mary’s County, Maryland. They were near to and in friendship with the Patuxent and Mattapanient, the 3 tribes numbering 200 warriors. The principal village bore the tribal name and is supposed by Bozman to have been situated at the mouth of a small creek about 2½ miles above Cole’s inspection house. Smith describes them as “the most civil to give entertainment.” Although this people had their werowance, or chief, it is doubtful whether they formed a distinct tribe; it is not … Read more

Naltunnetunne Tribe

Naltunnetunne Tribe (‘people among the mushrooms’) An Athapascan tribe formerly living on the coast of Oregon between the Tututni and the Chetco. They were not divided into villages and had a dialect distinct from that of the Tututni. The survivors are now on the Siletz reservation, Oregon. numbering 77 in 1877, according to Victor

Nooksak Tribe

Nooksak Indians (‘mountain men’). The name given by the Indians on the coast to a Salish tribe, said to be divided into three small bands on a river of the same name in Whatcom County, Washington. About 200 Nooksak were officially enumerated in 1906, but Hill-Tout says there are only about 6 true make Nooksak. They speak the same dialect as the Squawmish, from whom they are said to have separated.

Piegan Tribe

Piegan Indians (Pikuni, referring to people having badly dressed robes). One of the 3 tribes of the Siksika or Blackfoot confederacy. Its divisions, as given by Grinnell, are: Ahahpitape, Ahkaiyikokakiniks, Kiyis, Sikutsipmaiks, Sikopoksimaiks, Tsiniksistsoyiks, Kutaiimiks, Ipoksimaiks, Silkokitsimiks, Nitawyiks, Apikaiviks, Miahwahpitsiks, Nitakoskitsipupiks, Nitikskiks, Inuksiks, Miawkinaiyiks, Esksinaitupiks, Inuksikahkopwaiks, Kahmitaiks, Kutaisotsiman, Nitotsiksisstaniks, Motwainaiks, Mokumiks, and Motahtosiks. Hayden gives also Susksoyiks. In 1858 the Piegan in the United States were estimated to number 3,700. Hayden 3 years later estimated the population at 2,520. In 1906 there were 2,072 under the Blackfeet agency in Montana, and 493 under the Piegan agency in Alberta, Canada.

Nacisi Tribe

Nacisi Indians. A small tribe, possibly of Caddoan stock, formerly dwelling in the region of Red River, Louisiana. They were first mentioned by Joutel in 1687, at which time they were at enmity with the Cenis (Caddo confederacy). When Bienville and St Denis were exploring Red River of Louisiana, in 1700, they found on that stream a village of the Nacisi consisting of 8 houses. They were still in this neighborhood in 1741, but during the vicissitudes of the 18th century seem to have drifted southward beyond the border of the French province, from 1790 they are mentioned among the … Read more

Dotame Tribe

Dotame Indians. A tribe of which Lewis and Clark learned from Indian informants. They were said to speak the Comanche language and to number 30 warriors, or 120 souls, in 10 lodges. No traders had been among them; they trafficked usually with the Arikara, were hostile toward the Sioux, but friendly with the Mandan, the Arikara, and with their neighbors. From the use of the name in connection with Cataka (Kiowa Apache) and Nemousin (Comanche), the Dotame are seemingly identifiable with the Kiowa.

Guasas Tribe

Guasas Indians. A tribe mentioned in Spanish narratives and reports on Texas in the latter part of the 18th century as enemies of the “northern Indians,” particularly of the Comanche. According to one narrative they were the only people able to defeat the latter. They were reputed to be of great stature and of remarkable skill in horsemanship. Although many of the things told about them are entirely fabulous, a real tribe, appears to be referred to, probably one of those which erected earth lodges. This may have been the Osage (Wasash) or, since an annotator of a letter written … Read more

Deadoses Tribe

Deadoses Indians. A small Texan tribe which in the 18th century lived with other tribes on San Xavier river, probably the San Miguel, which joins Little river and flows into the Brazos about 150 miles from the gulf. In 1767-68 they were said to reside between Navasota and Trinity rivers, and in 1771 were mentioned with the Tonkawa, Comanche, Towash (Wichita), and others as northern Texas tribes in contradistinction to the Cocos (Coaque), Karankawa, and others of the coast region. If the Mayeyes were really related to the Tonkawa, as has been asserted, the fact that this tribe is mentioned … Read more

Isleta del Sur Pueblo

Isleta del Sur Indians (Span.: ‘ Isleta of the south’) A Tigua pueblo on the north east bank of the Rio Grande, a few miles below El Paso, Texas. It was established in 1681 by some 400 Indian captives from Isleta, New Mexico, taken thence by Gov. Otermin on his return from the attempted reconquest of of the Pueblos after their revolt in Aug. 1680. It was the seat of a Franciscan mission from 1682, containing a church dedicated to San Antonio de Padua. The mission name San Antonio applied to Isleta del Sur belonged to the northern Isleta until … Read more

Taposa Tribe

Taposa Indians. A tribe formerly living on Yazoo river, Mississippi of which little beyond the name is known. Iberville heard of them in 1699, when they were said to be between the Ofogoula and the Chakchiuma on Yazoo river. Baudry des Lozières mentioned them in 1802, under the name Tapouchas, as settled in village with the Chakchiuma and Ibitoupa on upper Yazoo river, and in fact they were really the most northerly Yazoo tribe. They appear to have been one of the tribes confederated with the Chickasaw, and according to Le Page du Pratz spoke the same language. They occupied … Read more

Shahala Tribe

A name given by Lewis and Clark to the Chinookan Indians living on Columbia River from Sauvies Island to the Cascades in Oregon. They estimated the number at 2,800, in 62 houses, and mention the following tribes: Neerchokioon, Clahclellah, Wahclellah, and Yehuh. Katlagakya was the native name for the Indians of this region.

Saturiba Tribe

Saturiba Indians. A Timucuan tribe in Florida, occupying, about 1565, the territory on both sides of lower St John river, with the adjacent coast territory, northward to Satilla river, Ga., including Cumberland (Tacatacuru) island, beyond which was Guale (Yamasee) territory

Saluda Tribe

Saluda Indians. A small tribe formerly living on Saluda river, South Carolina. According to Rivers (Hist. S.C., 38, 1856) they removed to Pennsylvania probably early in the 18th century, which, if true would indicate that they were probably connected with the Shawnee. In addition to that of the river, the name survives in Saluda gap in the Blue Ridge.

Pensacola Tribe

Pensacola Indians (Choctaw: ‘hair-people,’ from pansha ‘hair,’ okla ‘people’) A tribe once inhabiting tracts around the present city and harbor of Pensacola, west Florida. According to Barcia they had been destroyed by tribal wars before the Spaniards became established there in 1698, but from a reference in Margry it appears that a few still remained at a later period.

Guale Tribe

Guale Indians. The Indian name by which the Spaniards knew the present Amelia island, north coast of Florida, and a part of the adjacent Florida and Georgia coast, in the 16th century. There is strong probability that the tribe in occupancy was that known later as Yamasi. In 1597 the son of the chief of Guale led a revolt against the missions that had been established by the Spanish Franciscans a few years before. There were then on the island at least 3 mission villages, Asao, Asopo, and Ospo. The missions were re-established in 1605 and may have continued until … Read more

Guacata

Guacata – An inland Calusa village on Lake “Mayaimi” or Okechobee, south Florida, about 1570. Elsewhere in his memoir Fontaneda refers to it as a distinct but subordinate tribe. Guacata, Cuacata – In one place Fontaneda speaks of this as a town on Lake Mayaimi (Okeechobee) and elsewhere as one of the provinces of the east coast. A Spanish document in the Lowery collection gives it as a place “in the land of Ays.” It is possible that these people lived on St. Lucie River and camped farther inland than most of the coast people. In that case they would … Read more

Avavares Tribe

Avavares Indians – A former tribe of Texas, possibly Caddoan, which lived ” behind ” the Quintoles toward the interior, and to which Cabeza de Vaca, in 1527-34, fled from the Mariames. Their language was different from that of the Mariames, although they understood the latter. They bartered bones, which the Mariames ground and used for food, and also traded in bows. While staying with the Avavares Cabeza de Vaca and his companion became noted for their successful treatment of the sick. The people seem to have been kindly disposed and different in habits from the coast tribes.

Huma Tribe

Huma (red). A Choctaw tribe living during the earlier period of the French colonization of Louisiana, 7 leagues above Red river on the east bank of the Mississippi, their settlement in 1699 containing 140 cabins and 350 families. A red pole marked the boundary between them ad the Bayogoula on the south. In 1706 the Tonika fled to them from the Chickasaw, but later rose against them and killed more than half, after which the remainder established themselves near the site of New Orleans. later they lived along Bayou La Fourche and in the neighborhood of the present Houma, Louisiana, … Read more

Tribal Villages

The location of tribal towns and villages is often a controversial topic for researchers. Unfortunately, early map makers and journalists didn’t have the expertise needed, let alone the linguistic knowledge, to properly spell and identify the locations of the early tribal villages. Further compounding this, was that most Native American tribes were quite adept at picking up whole villages and relocating when the older village location fell out of favor. The attempt of this work is to provide all known spellings and references for early tribal villages and towns. By collating such information, this work becomes an extremely unique and … Read more