Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico

Hodge, Frederick Webb, Compiler. The Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico. Bureau of American Ethnology, Government Printing Office. 1906.

John Eliot Bible

The translation of the Scriptures into the Algonquian language of the Massachuset, made by John Eliot (1604-90), the Apostle to the Indians, was the first Bible printed in America by the English authorities. The first edition of the whole Bible was published at Cambridge, Mass., in 1663,the New Testament having appeared two years before. The books of Genesis and Matthew seem to have been printed in 1655 and a portion of the Psalms in 1658, by which time the translation of the whole Bible was completed. Eliot was the author of other works in the language of the Massachuset, and … Read more

Jicarilla Indian Bands, Gens and Clans

Many tribes have sub-tribes, bands, gens, clans and phratry.  Often very little information is known or they no longer exist.  We have included them here to provide more information about the tribes.   Dachizhozhin (renegades). A division of the Jicarillas whose original home was around the present Jicarilla res., N. N. Mex. Gohlkahin (Go‛lkáhĭn prairie people). A division of the Jicarillas.

Jicarilla Apache Tribe

Jicarilla (Mexican Spanish: `little basket’). An Athapascan tribe, first so called by Spaniards because of their expertness in making vessels of basketry. They apparently formed a part of the Vaqueros of early Spanish chronicles, although, according to their creation legend, they have occupied from the earliest period the mountainous region of southeast Colorado and northern New Mexico, their range at various periods extending eastward to western Kansas and Oklahoma, and into northwest Texas. The Arkansas, Rio Grande, and Canadian Rivers figure in their genesis myth , but their traditions seem to center about Taos and the heads of Arkansas River. … Read more

Jemez Indian Bands, Gens and Clans

Many tribes have sub-tribes, bands, gens, clans and phratry.  Often very little information is known or they no longer exist.  We have included them here to provide more information about the tribes.   Daahl. The Earth or Sand clan of Jemez pueblo, N. Mex. A corresponding clan existed also at the former related Pueblo of Pecos.

Jean Baptiste Ducoigne, Kaskaskia Indian Chief

Jean Baptiste Ducoigne. A Kaskaskia chief at the beginning of the 19th century, noted mainly for his firm adherence to the United States and friendship for the whites. Reynolds describes him as a cunning half-blood of considerable talent. In his Memoirs, Gen. W. H. Harrison, who had dealings with Ducoigne, speaks of him as “a gentlemanly man, by no means addicted to drink, and possessing a very strong inclination to live like a white man; indeed has done so as far as his means would allow.” Writing to the Secretary of War, he says: “Ducoigne’s long and well-proved friendship for … Read more

Jack Indians

Jack Indians. An unidentified tribe mentioned by Dobbs, who states that in 1731 they came to trade at the mouth of Albany River, Northwest Territory, Canada

Ispipewhumaugh Tribe

Ispipewhumaugh Indians. One of the tribes included by the early fur traders under the term Nez Percé. They lived on Columbia River, above the mouth of Snake River, Washington. They were possibly of Shahaptian stock, but are not otherwise identifiable.

Isleta Pueblo Indian Bands, Gens and Clans

Many tribes have sub-tribes, bands, gens, clans and phratry.  Often very little information is known or they no longer exist.  We have included them here to provide more information about the tribes. Churan (‘red-eye people’). One of the two divisions or fraternities of Isleta pueblo, N. Mex. Churehu. The Mole clan of Isleta pueblo, N. Mex.

Isleta del Sur Pueblo

Isleta del Sur Indians (Span.: ‘ Isleta of the south’) A Tigua pueblo on the north east bank of the Rio Grande, a few miles below El Paso, Texas. It was established in 1681 by some 400 Indian captives from Isleta, New Mexico, taken thence by Gov. Otermin on his return from the attempted reconquest of of the Pueblos after their revolt in Aug. 1680. It was the seat of a Franciscan mission from 1682, containing a church dedicated to San Antonio de Padua. The mission name San Antonio applied to Isleta del Sur belonged to the northern Isleta until … Read more

Iruwaitsu Indian Bands, Gens and Clans

Many tribes have sub-tribes, bands, gens, clans and phratry.  Often very little information is known or they no longer exist.  We have included them here to provide more information about the tribes. Eeh. A band or division of the Iruwaitsu of Scott valley, Siskiyou co., Cal.; noted by Gibbs as living with the Watsahewa in 1851.

Iroquois Tribe

Iroquois Indians, Iroquois People, Iroquois First Nation (Algonkin: Irinakhoiw, ‘real adders’, with the French suffix –ois). The confederation of Iroquoian tribes known in history, among other names, by that of the Five Nations, comprising the Cayuga, Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, and Seneca. Their name for themselves as a political body was Oñgwanonsioñni’, ‘we are of the extended lodge.’ Among the Iroquoian tribes kinship is traced through the blood of the woman only; kinship means membership in a family, and this in turn constitutes citizenship in the tribe, conferring certain social, political, and religious privileges, duties, and rights which are denied to … Read more

Iroquois Indian Towns and Villages

The following villages and towns were Iroquois, but the particular tribes to which they belonged are either unknown or are collective. To see town names specific to a tribe within the Iroquois Confederation, please see that tribe name itself. Adjouquay Allaquippa Anpuaqun Aquatsagana Aratumquat Awegen Blackleg’s Village Buckaloon Cahunghage Canowdowsa Caughnawaga Chartierstown Chemegaide Chenango Chinklacamoose Chugnut Churamuk Cocfocoraren Cokanuck Conaquanosshan Conejoholo Conemaugh Conihunta Connosomothdian Conoytown (mixed Conoy and Iroquois) Coreorgonel (mixed) Cowawago Cussewago Ganadoga Ganagarahhare Ganasarage Ganeraske Ganneious Gannentaha Glasswanoge Goshgoshunk (mixed) Grand River Indians Hickorytown (mixed) Janundat Jedakne Johnstown Jonondes Juniata Juraken (2) Kahendohon Kanaghsaws Kannawalohalla Kanesadageh Karaken Karhationni … Read more

Iroquois Indian Bands, Gens and Clans

Many tribes have sub-tribes, bands, gens, clans and phratry.  Often very little information is known or they no longer exist.  We have included them here to provide more information about the tribes.   Dooesedoowe (plover. Hewitt). A clan of the Iroquois. Gueyniotiteshesgue (four tribes). A phratry of the Caughnawaga Iroquois.

Ioway Tribe

Wun-pan-to-mee and Tunk-aht-oh-ye

Ioway Tribe: An extensive resource for researching the facts, history, culture, genealogy, names, towns, treaties and ethnology of the Ioway Nation.

Iowa Indian Bands, Gens and Clans

Many tribes have sub-tribes, bands, gens, clans and phratry.  Often very little information is known or they no longer exist.  We have included them here to provide more information about the tribes. Chedtokhanye (big buffalo bull). A subgens of the Arukhwa, the Buffalo gens of the Iowa. Chedtoyine (young buffalo bull). A subgens of the Arukhwa, the Buffalo gens of the Iowa. Cheghita. An Iowa gens. Its sub gentes are Nachiche, Khrahune, Khrakreye, and Khrapathan. Cheposhkeyine (swelled young buffalo bull). A subgens of the Arukhwa, the Buffalo gens of the Iowa. Cheyinye (buffalo calf). A subgens of the Arukhwa, the … Read more

Inscribed Tablets

Inscribed tablets. Objects, generally of soft stone, usually shale or sandstone, containing various lines and formal characters incised or in relief. Some of them are undoubtedly prehistoric and susceptible of interpretation in the light of aboriginal ornamentation and symbolism ; others are forgeries. While it would perhaps be too much to say that there exists N. of Mexico no tablet or other ancient article that contains other than a pictorial or pictographic record, it is safe to assert that no authentic specimen has yet been brought to public notice. Any object claimed to be of pre-Columbian age and showing hieroglyphic … Read more