While we know our northern friends may not feel it, in the South, Spring is
here. So we thought we'd share a few of our gardening sites appropriate
for this time of the year. Along with gardening, there's grilling, and getting
ready to diet so that you can fit back into that bathing suit this summer!
Papago. Signifying "bean
people," from the native words paphh, "beans," and
óotam, "people." Also called:
Saikinne, Si'-ke-na, Apache name for Pima, Papago, and Maricopa.
Táh'ba, Yavapai name.
Teχpamais, Maricopa name.
Tóno-oōhtam,
own name, signifying "people of the desert."
Vidshi itikapa, Tonto name.
Connections. The Papago
belong to the Piman branch of the Uto-Aztecan linguistic stock and stand
very close to the Pima.
Location.—In the territory south and southeast of the
Gila River, especially south of Tucson; in the main and tributary valleys
of the Santa Cruz River; and extending west and southwest across the
desert waste known as the Papaguerfa, into Sonora, Mexico.
Subdivisions and Villages
Acachin, location uncertain.
Alcalde, probably in Pima County.
Ana, probably in Pima County.
Anicam, probably in Pima County.
Areitorae, south of Sonorita, Sonora, Mexico.
Ati, on the west bank of Rio Altar, between Uquitoa and Tubutama,
just south
of the Arizona boundary.
Babasaqui, probably Papago, 3 miles above Imuris, between Cocospera
and
Magdalena, Sonora, Mexico.
Bacapa, in northwestern Sonora, Mexico, slightly southeast of
Carrizal.
Baipia, slightly northwest of Caborca, probably on the Rio Altar,
northwestern Sonora, Mexico.
Bajfo, location uncertain.
Batequi, east of the Rio Altar in northwestern Sonora, Mexico.
Boca del Arroyo, probably in Pima County.
Caborica, on the Gila River.
Caca Chimir, probably in Pima County.
Cahuabi, in Arizona near the Sonora border.
Canoa, between Tubac and San Xavier del Bac, on Rio Santa Cruz.
Casca, probably in Pima County.
Charco, probably identical with Chioro.
Chiora, probably in Pima County.
Chuba, location uncertain.
Coca, location uncertain.
Comohuabi, in Arizona on the border of Sonora, Mexico.
Cops, west of the Rio San Pedro, probably in the vicinity of the
present Arivaca,
southwest of Tubac.
Cubac, in the neighborhood of San Francisco Atí,
west from the present Tucson.
Cuitoat, between San Xavier del Bac and the Gila River.
Cujant, in northwest Sonora, between the mouth of the Rio Gila and
Sonorita. Cumaro, southern Arizona near the Sonora border.
Elogio, probably in Pima County.
Fresnal, probably in Pima County.
Guadalupe, about 10 leagues south of Areitorae.
Gubo, probably Papago, 13 leagues east of Sonorita, just below the
Arizona
boundary.
Guitciabaqui, on the west bank of the Santa Cruz River, near the
present Tucson.
Juajona, near San Xavier del Bac, southern Arizona.
Junostaca, near San Xavier del Bac.
Macombo, probably in Pima County.
Mata, probably Papago, north of Caborica. Mesquite, probably in Pima
County.
Milpais, location uncertain.
Nariz, probably in Pima County.
Oapars, in Arizona between San Xavier del Bac and the Gila River.
Ocaboa, location uncertain.
Oisur, on the Santa Cruz River, 5 or 6 leagues north of San Xavier
del Bac,
southern Arizona.
Onia, probably in Pima County.
Ooltan, in northwest Sonora, Mexico, 3 leagues northwest of Busanic.
Otean, location uncertain.
Perigua, Arizona, south of the Gila River.
Perinimo, probably in Pima County.
Piato, probably the same as Soba, in the region of Tubutama and
Caborica, Sonora, Mexico.
Pitic, on the Rio Altar, northwest Sonora.
Poso Blanco, in Arizona south of the Gila River.
Poso Verde, south of the Arizona-Sonora boundary, opposite Oro
Blanco, Ariz. Purificación,
probably Papago, near the Arizona-Sonora boundary, 12 leagues from
Agua Escondida, probably in a southeasterly direction.
Quitovaquita, on the headwaters of Rio Salado of Sonora, near the
Arizona-Sonora boundary line.
Raton, location uncertain.
San Bonifacio, probably Papago, south of the Gila River between San
Angelo and San Francisco, in the present Arizona.
San Cosme, probably Papago, directly north of San Xavier del Bac, on
the Santa Cruz River, Ariz.
San Ignacio, with Pima, on the north bank of Rio San Ignacio,
latitude 30°45' N., longitude 111° W., Sonora, Mexico.
San Ildefonso, 4 leagues northwest of Caborica, Sonora, Mexico.
San Lazaro, probably Papago, on the Rio Santa Cruz in longitude
110°30' W., just below the Arizona-Sonora boundary.
San Luis Babi, in northwest Sonora, Mexico, between Busanic and
Cocospera. San Martin, probably Papago, on the Gila River, west of
the Great Bend of the Colorado.
San Rafael, in southern Arizona near the headwaters of the Rio
Salado of Sonora. Santa Barbara, probably Papago, 4 miles southwest
of Busanic, near the head-waters of the north branch of the Rio
Altar, in Sonora, Mexico.
Santa Rosa, south of the Gila River and west of Tucson.
Saris, probably Papago, on the west bank of Rio Altar, in northern
Sonora, Mexico.
Saucita, in southern Arizona.
Shuuk, or Pima, on the Gila River Reservation, southern Arizona.
Sierra Blanca, probably in Pima County.
Soba, a large body of Papago, including the villages of Carborica,
Batequi, Mata, Pitic, and San Ildefonso.
Sonoita, on the headwaters of the Rio Salado of Sonora, just below
the Arizona-Sonora boundary.
Tachilta, in southern Arizona or northern Sonora.
Tacquison, on the Arizona-Sonora boundary.
Tecolote, in southwestern Pima County, Ariz., near the Mexican
border. Tubasa, probably on the Rio Santa Cruz River between San
Xavier del Bac and the Gila River, southern Arizona.
Tubutama, on the eastern bank of the northern branch of the Rio
Altar, in north-west Sonora, Mexico.
Valle, probably in Pima County.
Zudiga, probably Papago, in northwest Sonora, Mexico.
History. Father Eusebio
Kino was probably the first white man to visit the Papago, presumably on
his first expedition in 1694. Their subsequent history has been nearly the
same as that of the Pima, except that they were not brought quite as much
in contact with the Whites.
Population. Mooney (1928)
places the number of Papago at 6,000 in 1680. In 1906 they were reported
as follows: Under the Pima School Superintendent, 2,233; under the farmer
at San Xavier, 523 allottees on the reservation and 2,225 in Pima County.
In addition, 859 Papago were officially reported in Sonora, Mexico, in
1900, probably an underestimate. In 1910, 3,798 were reported in the
United States, but the Report of the United States Indian Office for 1923
gives 5,672; the 1930 census, 5,205; and the Indian Office Report for
1937, 6,305.
